The Surprising Link Between Probiotics and Mood Disorders
Probiotics are live microorganisms that provide health benefits to the host when consumed in adequate amounts. They are commonly found in fermented foods such as yogurt, kefir, kimchi, and sauerkraut or in the form of supplements.
There has been growing evidence suggesting that probiotics can also affect mental health and mood disorders. This is because the gut and brain are connected through the gut-brain axis, a complex communication network involving the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems.
Probiotics and Anxiety
Anxiety disorders are one of the most common mental health issues, affecting millions of people worldwide. Research suggests that probiotics may help reduce anxiety symptoms by altering the gut microbiota’s composition and reducing inflammation.
A 2017 study found that individuals who consumed a specific strain of probiotics, Lactobacillus (L.) casei, had reduced anxiety and depression scores compared to those who took a placebo. Another study showed that a multi-strain probiotic supplement lowered cortisol levels, a stress hormone, in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, suggesting an improvement in stress levels.
Probiotics and Depression
Depression is another prevalent mental health issue causing significant disability and morbidity worldwide. Studies have suggested that probiotics may benefit individuals with depression by increasing neurotransmitters’ production, such as serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which can result in improved mood.
A 2016 systematic review and meta-analysis found that probiotics could improve depression symptoms in patients with major depressive disorders. The results suggested that probiotics may be a complementary therapy for depression alongside conventional anti-depressant medication.
Probiotics and Stress
Stress is a common trigger for mental health issues, including anxiety and depression. Recent studies have shown that probiotics may help improve stress tolerance and resilience.
A 2020 randomized controlled trial found that individuals who took a probiotic supplement had reduced cortisol levels and perceived stress levels after a stressful task compared to those who took a placebo. Another study showed that the probiotic strain L. plantarum improved cognitive function and reduced stress levels in individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome.
The Bottom Line
While the research on probiotics and mental health is still in its early stages, the evidence suggests a promising relationship between the two. Incorporating probiotics into one’s diet or taking supplements may help improve mental health and mood disorders by altering the gut-brain axis’s communication.
It’s important to note that probiotics are not a substitute for conventional anti-depressant or anti-anxiety medication. It’s essential to speak with a doctor or mental health professional before trying any new supplements or therapies.
