Probiotics are becoming increasingly popular in the health and wellness industry. You may have heard of them as a supplement or seen them advertised in foods such as yogurt, kefir, or kombucha. But what exactly are probiotics, and how do they work in your body?
What are probiotics?
Probiotics are live microorganisms that are beneficial to your health, particularly to your digestive system. These microorganisms can include different strains of bacteria and yeast. The two most common types of bacteria found in probiotics are Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.
Probiotics can be found naturally in fermented foods such as yogurt, sauerkraut, and kimchi, or taken as a supplement in pill or capsule form.
How do probiotics work?
Probiotics work by restoring the natural balance of bacteria in your gut. Your digestive system is home to trillions of bacteria, both good and bad. When there is an imbalance between these bacteria, it can lead to digestive issues and even compromise your immune system.
When you consume probiotics, the beneficial bacteria reach your digestive tract and help to populate it. They can also compete with harmful bacteria for resources and create an environment that’s unfavorable for them to grow.
Research has shown that the benefits of probiotics go beyond just improving digestive health. Probiotics have been linked to supporting mental health, reducing inflammation, and boosting the immune system.
Types of probiotics
As mentioned earlier, there are different strains of bacteria and yeast that can be found in probiotics. Each strain offers unique benefits and effects in the body. Some of the most common probiotic strains and their benefits include:
Lactobacillus acidophilus
L. acidophilus is a strain of bacteria found in the small intestine and vagina. It helps to break down food and produce lactase, an enzyme that breaks down lactose. This strain is commonly found in dairy products and can aid in lactose intolerance. It has also been shown to improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and promote overall gut health.
Bifidobacterium lactis
B. lactis is a versatile strain of bacteria that can survive in both the acidic environment of the stomach and the alkaline environment of the small intestines. It has been shown to reduce inflammation and support the immune system, specifically in elderly individuals.
Streptococcus thermophilus
S. thermophilus is a probiotic strain found in yogurt and is known for its ability to produce lactase, aiding in digestion of lactose. It may also improve symptoms of IBS and reduce inflammation in the gut.
Probiotics and antibiotic use
Antibiotics can be helpful in treating bacterial infections, but they can also destroy the beneficial bacteria in your gut. This can lead to an imbalance in your gut microbiome and potentially cause digestive issues.
Taking probiotics while on antibiotics can help replenish the good bacteria in your gut and reduce the risk of developing antibiotic-associated diarrhea. It’s important to note that you should wait at least two hours after taking antibiotics before taking probiotics to ensure they are not destroyed by the antibiotics.
The bottom line
Probiotics can be a beneficial addition to your diet and overall health routine. They help to restore balance in your gut microbiome, promoting better digestion and overall wellness. When selecting a probiotic supplement, it’s important to choose a reputable brand and look for specific strains that best fit your individual needs.
